JUST over one week ago, new Jamaica Public Service CEO Mrs Kelly Tomblin, having spent just over a month listening to the various stakeholders in JPS, particularly its customers and employees, revealed to the Observer Monday Exchange that she had never seen an electricity company facing such a difficult and complex set of challenges.

This was despite the fact that in her group she is normally brought in to deal with difficult situations requiring some form of turnaround. Indeed, many years ago, her first job in the electricity industry was at the infamous Three Mile Island nuclear plant in the United States, the scene of a near meltdown, and now part of the literature on how not to handle a crisis.

Mrs Tomblin was, of course, saying no more than the truth. In addition to facing legal challenges concerning some of its practices, such as back-billing, and its licence (the latter reflecting the overall legal and regulatory risk the company is facing), JPS has lost the trust of its customers, and even, Mrs Tomblin suggested, its employees.

One example of the former is that a group of Jamaica’s largest, most influential, progressive and innovative companies came together to publicly demand electricity competition. More generally, every householder and business in Jamaica, both rich and small, awaits with trepidation the monthly arrival of their electricity bill, over which many feel they have no control. Even JPS shareholders are clearly not happy with the many changes of ownership in just over a decade.

Despite the view of the man in the street that JPS is rapacious, a US$34-million profit on US$1.2 billion in sales is not particularly high, and could even be described as inadequate, given routine capital expenditure of US$40 million to US$50 million, and particularly against the huge increase in investment required over the next few years.

On the positive side, JPS shareholders have, according to Mrs Tomblin, the long-term view required to make the new investments. The decision to move ahead with the new LNG-powered electricity plant means the long-delayed decision on Jamaica’s future fuel source appears to have finally been made.

When Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) was originally mooted as Jamaica’s preferred fuel source over coal, there were legitimate concerns over the paucity of suppliers, particularly without a guaranteed supply from our Caricom partner Trinidad. However, the huge increase in the production of shale gas has collapsed natural gas prices in the United States, which now appears poised to become a major world supplier of gas.

In Japan and South Korea, the respective home bases for the current owners of JPS, all natural gas supplied for electricity generation comes through their own LNG terminals, suggesting they will have readily transferable expertise available to Jamaica in this still emerging area.

The starting point to rebuilding trust in JPS will be for Mrs Tomblin to continue to listen to the emotional pain of her customers, and empower her front line employees, all of whom know very well what is going on.

Mrs Tomblin appears to understand that, when in pain, neither customers nor her employees will care about the needs of JPS until it is clear that the business cares about them. Her current posture of emphasising listening, observing and acknowledging, rather than trying to explain or rationalise, reflects a necessary emotional intelligence that appeared to be missing from former top management.

She is off to a good start.

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THE Jamaica Public Service (JPS) has reiterated that Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) is the preferred option as Jamaica explores alternatives to electricity generation fuelled by oil.

Valentine Fagan, the managing director of South Jamaica Power Company, made the pronouncement while addressing the weekly Jamaica Observer Monday Exchange. That company was set up by the JPS to preside over the construction of a 360-megawatt plant in Old Harbour, St Catherine. According to JPS, that facility, which is slated to come on stream in December 2014, will replace the inefficient and aged Old Harbour power-generating plant.

“There is really not much difference in terms of coal versus LNG, just that it is possible to bring on the LNG plant much faster. Coal plants take five years for construction, in addition to the many environmental issues,” said Fagan as he addressed reporters and editors at the Observer’s Beechwood Avenue headquarters.

“If we don’t add capacity, and if we assume modest growth in the economy, we would have breached the 25 per cent reserve margin, and would find it difficult to supply peak demand. This would result in widespread outages,” Fagan added.

For several months, some stakeholders in the energy sector have been questioning moves by the JPS and the Government to introduce LNG. Some of the observers have suggested that coal would be a less-expensive option. Others have suggested that LNG prices will begin to skyrocket, and have also indicated that Jamaica

 

RED Stripe is currently evaluating the possibility of establishing a cogeneration plant at its Spanish Town Road brewery, making the beer company the first in the Caribbean to have such a facility. Cogeneration plants became popular in the 1980s as the most efficient system of generating electricity and producing heat.

Unlike the cogeneration system, a typical central station utility plant sees 35 per cent of the energy generated by burning fuel to produce electric power, but 40 to 45 per cent is rejected as “waste” or by-product heat, which is normally dumped. Also, another 20 per cent tends to get lost up the smokestack of the boiler.

RED STRIPE BUILDING

 

Ever since oil prices soared in the 1970s, it became imperative for businesses worldwide to find technological solutions to contain rising energy costs, especially in manufacturing industries where typically raw materials comprise of as much as 50 per cent of total costs.

Red Stripe, which was acquired by British drinks giant Diageo, has had to carefully manage its input costs in Jamaica against the background of a contracting ecconomy characterised by a drop in aggregate demand.

Supply Director for Red Stripe, Cedric Blair, said the company had long recognised the benefits to be derived from cogeneration, which is the simultaneous production of electricity and heat. With that system, the heat that may otherwise be wasted in the production of electricity is captured and utilised to produce steam, which may be used for both industrial and domestic purposes.

Utilisation of waste heat in this way also reduces the requirement for cooling water supplies for power generation and eliminates the need for structures such as the cooling towers that dominate the skyline in a conventional power plant.

With a firm focus on reducing energy costs, Red Stripe is contemplating installing a 3 – 5 MW plant at a cost of between US$5 to $7 million with a payback of just 2 to 3 years. Blair said the time frame for completion is 12 months from contract.

“We have to find ways in which we can lower our energy costs, which is close to 12 to 15 per cent of the cost of production,” declared Blair, pointing out that the costs of energy in Trinidad and Tobago is US 5 cents per kWh while it costs Jamaicans close to US40 cents per kwh. He recalled that “in 2005 we were paying 11 to 13 US cents per kWh now it’s 34 to 35 cents US per kWh.”

The high cost of energy, a major input for manufacturers, has not escaped the attention of several local trade bodies including the Jamaica Exporters Association. They continue to lament the wide disparity between energy costs in Jamaica as opposed to what prevails in its fellow Caricom member Trinidad and Tobago.

While cogeneration plants can be effectively used by hotels and industrial production facilities, Blair contends “it is perfect for breweries and can bring many benefits. For instance, it can produce electricity 70 to 80 per cent more efficiently and will cost 11 cents US per kWh… it will provide us with steam and water for cooling our offices.”

Several businesses and insitutions across the world have installed cogeneration plants and are reporting positive results. Assistant Vice- President for Sustainability and Technical Services at New York University, John Bradley, is reported to have said, “Cogeneration in and of itself is a much more efficient process; the cogen plant is really the hub of our sustainability and energy efficient delivery of utilities to the university for the next 40 years.”

So where is Red Stripe looking to source this most strategic asset. “We are looking at Europe, America… we are talking to a number of reputable companies. We have shortlisted three who are capable of designing and building the plant,” Blair said, adding, “we are finalising design and structure”.

In terms of the primary source of fuel for the plant, he said it could be natural gas, diesel or heavy fuel

(bunker seed).

Some cogeneration plants need as much as four

acres of land, and Blair said Red Stripe has ample land space to accommodate such a large plant.

As far as the environmental benefits are concerned, Blair believes that LNG is the best option. He cited a reduction in carbon dioxide emission into the atmosphere as a positive benefit from the cogeneration plant. He went on to say that when operational, it will undergo performance tests to determine the power output and plant heat rate.

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Kelly A. Tomblin

 

The Jamaica Public Service Company (JPS) is willing to consider coal as an alternative fuel source for electricity generation, but it first wants to execute plans to develop the LNG plant to which the Government finally gave the green light just over a week ago.

A University of the West Indies think tank has conducted research which shows that LNG was a less expensive option to oil, but a more expensive alternative to coal-generated energy, which they found was the most efficient source in powering a light bulb.

JPS chief executive officer Kelly Tomblin – a 25-year veteran of the utilities business in the United States and other markets and who took up the position at the light and power supplier three weeks ago – said the company and its shareholders were interested in investing in any long term solution for Jamaica, including coal.

However: “As an outsider, if I look to where we are, I would encourage us to execute on the plans that we’ve all agreed to as a first step,” Tomblin said.

“We believe that long-term fuel diversity is a number one issue,” Tomblin told the

Transformation of the energy sector, to bring more players into the industry so as to achieve greater efficiencies and reduce costs to consumers, was the key focus of the Minister of Science, Technology, Energy and Mining (STEM), Phillip Paulwell, during the first 100 days of his stewardship.

The Minister, recognising that Jamaicans are burdened by the high energy prices, said the time has come to liberalise the sector and introduce a fully competitive arrangement that